London — Researchers from University College London and University of Kent have identified a plant-derived compound that shows promise in fighting antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The study combines advanced computer screening with laboratory testing, offering new hope in the global effort to combat antimicrobial resistance.
Natural compound shows strong antibacterial activity
Scientists focused on madecassic acid, a compound extracted from Centella asiatica, widely used in traditional Asian medicine. The research, published in RSC Medicinal Chemistry, found that the compound effectively inhibits the growth of drug-resistant Escherichia coli.
Moreover, researchers explained that madecassic acid works by targeting the cytochrome bd complex, a protein system essential for bacterial respiration. Since this system does not exist in humans or animals, scientists believe it presents a safe and precise target for new antibiotics. Consequently, disrupting this mechanism prevents bacteria from sustaining infection.
Meanwhile, experts warn that antimicrobial resistance remains a growing global threat. Estimates suggest drug-resistant infections could contribute to millions of deaths in the coming decades, underscoring the urgency of developing new treatments.
Modified compounds improve effectiveness in testing
In addition, the research team modified the chemical structure of madecassic acid to enhance its antibacterial properties. After extracting the compound from plant samples in Vietnam, scientists created three altered versions. All variants successfully blocked bacterial function, while one demonstrated the ability to kill E. coli at higher concentrations.
Furthermore, researchers noted potential applications beyond infection control. The findings may help explain how the compound interacts with the skin microbiome in cosmetic products.
Lead researcher Mark Shepherd emphasized that natural compounds remain a valuable source for modern drug discovery and innovation.
