ANKARA: Türkiye has submitted the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement, signed with Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, to parliament for ratification, marking a significant step towards formalising trilateral military cooperation.
The agreement, signed on August 7, 2026, in Makkah, establishes a collective defence framework under which an armed attack against one signatory will be treated as an attack against all three countries. The pact aims to strengthen their security cooperation and protect their sovereignty and territorial integrity.
According to reports, the agreement contains 16 articles outlining commitments to mutual assistance, intelligence sharing, defence industry cooperation, logistics and counterterrorism.
Following its submission, the agreement is expected to be referred to Türkiye’s parliamentary Foreign Affairs Commission before consideration by the full assembly. Its implementation requires parliamentary approval under Turkish law.
The development comes amid heightened regional security concerns, including attacks attributed to Iran-backed Houthi forces in Yemen. Türkiye has considered ways to support Saudi Arabia’s security requirements under the agreement.
However, Turkish officials have emphasised the pact’s defensive character. Any deployment of Turkish armed forces abroad would require the necessary parliamentary authorisation.
The agreement also provides a framework for strengthening defence production, military coordination and technology cooperation among the three countries.
Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye have maintained longstanding political, economic and security ties. The new arrangement seeks to formalise these relationships through a structured collective defence mechanism.
The ratification process will determine Türkiye’s formal legal commitment under the agreement and establish the next steps for implementing its provisions.
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