Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent visit to Moscow signifies a significant strategic move in India’s foreign policy amidst a complex global landscape. It marks Modi’s first trip to Russia since the Ukraine conflict began, highlighting India’s nuanced stance in international diplomacy.
The longstanding relationship between India and Russia, dating back to the Cold War era, continues to evolve amidst shifting geopolitical dynamics, especially concerning Russia’s actions in Ukraine. Despite international sanctions against Russia, India remains a major importer of Russian oil, accounting for more than 40% of its oil imports, emphasizing deep economic ties between the two nations.
However, Russia’s growing alignment with China, India’s strategic competitor, adds complexity to their relationship. The border tensions between India and China since June 2020 have influenced India’s diplomatic approach towards Moscow, evident from Modi’s absence at the recent Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit dominated by Russia and China.
Defense cooperation remains a cornerstone, with Russia as India’s primary source of military equipment, despite challenges such as delays caused by Russia’s focus on Ukraine. India is also diversifying its defense procurement sources.
Trade, particularly plans for a maritime corridor between Chennai and Vladivostok, is a crucial topic. India aims to boost exports to Russia to balance its trade deficit.
Modi’s visit, set against Putin’s international engagements, serves both leaders’ interests. For Putin, it showcases Russia’s global relevance amid Western sanctions, while for Modi, it reaffirms India’s strategic independence and its diverse alliances.
In essence, Modi’s visit underscores India’s strategic balancing act, maintaining historical ties with Russia while navigating contemporary geopolitical challenges and expanding global partnerships.
