The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority has introduced a new policy framework for Mobile Virtual Network Operators, marking a significant shift in Pakistan’s telecom landscape. The framework, approved by the federal cabinet, allows new service providers to enter the market without owning physical network infrastructure. As a result, competition in mobile services is expected to increase gradually.
Under the new policy, MVNOs can offer mobile services by using the existing infrastructure of licensed mobile network operators. However, they must first sign interconnect agreements with those operators. These agreements will remain subject to formal approval by the PTA, ensuring regulatory oversight from the outset.
The authority has outlined clear licensing requirements to regulate market entry. Every MVNO must obtain a formal certificate from the PTA before launching commercial operations. The license duration has been fixed at 15 years, which provides long-term certainty for investors and operators. However, the policy also introduces strict timelines. If a license holder fails to begin operations within one year, the license will be canceled automatically.
To qualify for an MVNO license, an applicant company must be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan. This condition aims to ensure corporate transparency and legal compliance. In addition, the PTA has set the initial MVNO license fee at $140,000, reflecting a controlled entry model rather than unrestricted access.
The framework clearly limits the technical scope of MVNO operations. MVNOs will not receive spectrum allocations and will not be permitted to install radio access networks or core network infrastructure. Instead, they will operate entirely on shared networks owned by existing mobile operators. Despite this arrangement, MVNOs will remain fully responsible for service quality and consumer experience.
National security and regulatory compliance form another key pillar of the policy. Even though MVNOs rely on shared infrastructure, they must comply with all national security requirements. The PTA has emphasized that responsibility for lawful interception, data protection, and service reliability will rest with the MVNO.
Overall, the new MVNO policy reflects a cautious but strategic approach to telecom liberalisation. It encourages innovation and competition while maintaining regulatory control and service standards. If implemented effectively, the framework could expand consumer choice, improve service diversity, and strengthen Pakistan’s digital ecosystem without disrupting existing network operators.
