Sleep Disorders Linked to Cognitive Decline in Older Adults
A new study published in the journal Neurology has found a strong link between chronic insomnia and accelerated brain ageing, suggesting that poor sleep could be a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline. According to Dr. Diego Carvalho, lead author and assistant professor of neurology at the Mayo Clinic Centre for Sleep Medicine, chronic insomnia may significantly impact long-term brain health.
The study tracked 2,750 participants over five years, evaluating their sleep habits, conducting neurological assessments, and using brain imaging to monitor changes. Results showed that individuals with chronic insomnia had a 40% higher risk of cognitive impairment compared to those with healthy sleep patterns. Interestingly, participants who improved their sleep—either by extending sleep time or through medical intervention—did not experience the same level of cognitive decline.
Dr. Carvalho noted that while the current data does not definitively prove that treating insomnia will prevent brain ageing, it opens the door for further research. He emphasized the importance of addressing sleep disorders, especially among older adults who may dismiss poor sleep as a normal part of aging.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Sleep Hygiene Offer Hope
Insomnia is often misunderstood as just trouble falling asleep, but experts like Dr. Rachel Salas of Johns Hopkins University explain it also involves poor sleep quality, nighttime awakenings, and resulting daytime dysfunction. Chronic insomnia has been tied to memory loss, increased neuroinflammation, and reduced brain plasticity — all of which contribute to faster cognitive deterioration.
Fortunately, effective treatments exist. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBTI) is considered the gold standard. It focuses on correcting behaviors and thought patterns that disrupt sleep. Experts recommend consistent sleep schedules, avoiding screens before bed, minimizing caffeine and alcohol, and creating a cool, dark, quiet sleeping environment.
Dr. Carvalho and Dr. Salas agree: proper sleep is not a luxury, but a necessity for brain health and longevity.
